Diabetes Mellitus As A Group Of Metabolic Diseases Essay

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterised by hyperglycaemia (elevated blood sugar level) affecting the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, resulting from the inability of the body to secrete and/or use insulin (American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2005; World Health Organisation (WHO), 2016). Patients with type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) requires insulin for survival as the cell-mediated destruction of the ÃŽ ²-cells of the pancreas eventually lead to a lack of insulin secretion (ADA, 2005; WHO, 2016) . Conversely, type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients have insulin resistance (ADA, 2005) wherein their bodies cannot use the little insulin that it produces (WHO, 2016). In New Zealand, regardless of ethnicity or socio-economic status, T1DM is the most common form of diabetes in children and adolescents, increasing at a rate of 3–5% annually (Jefferies, Owens, Wiltshire, 2015). T1DM is of concern to the oral health professional because it has been linked to periodontal disease with the status of one influencing the other (Aldridge et al., 1995; Daniel, Gokulanathan, Shanmugasundaram, Lakshmigandhan, Kavin, 2012). Additionally, diabetes is a known risk factor for increased caries incidence (Siudikiene, Machiulskiene, Nyvad, Tenovuo, Nedzelskiene, 2008). This assignment will demonstrate the dental management of a patient with T1DM. Case History This is a case of a 15-year-old male—Ben—presenting at the Akoranga Integrated HealthShow MoreRelatedDiabetes Mellitus : A Group Of Metabolic Diseases Characterized By Hyperglycemia Resulting From Defects1463 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Mellitus is â€Å"a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is a disease which is caused by the insufficient insulin secretion or decrease in the peripheral effects of insulin. 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